2020中学教师资格证《高中教师专业知识》真题模拟12-17

1、

Passage2

An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that，actually，you think you're more beautiful than you are.We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this.Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the"above average effect”or“illusory superiority", and shown that, for example,70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership,93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others-all obviously statistical impossibilities.

We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. We stalk around thinking we' re hot stuf.

Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others, he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is"an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation."If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image-which most did-they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.

Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that those who self-enhanced the most(that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored pictures were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact, those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem."I don't think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion,"says Epley."It's a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves."If you are depressed, you won't be self-enhancing.

Knowing the results of Epley's study, it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves yiscerally-on one level, they don't even recognize the person in the picture as themselves. Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer's paradise, where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyles."It's not that people's profiles are dishonest,"says Catalina Toma of Wisconsin-Madison University,"but they portray an idealized version of themselves."

According to the first paragraph, social psychologists have found that .

（单选题）

A. our self-ratings are unrealistically high

B. illusory superiority is a baseless effect

C. self-enhancing strategies are ineffective

D. our need for leadership is unnatural

试题答案：A

2、

Compound words consist of ________morphemes.

（单选题）

A. bound

B. free

C. both bound and free

D. derivational

试题答案：B

3、

Which of the following types of questions can least elicit students'ideas?

（单选题）

A. Display questions.

B. Divergent questions.

C. Open questions.

D. Evaluation questions.

试题答案：A

4、

请阅读  Passage 1, 完成第 21~25小题o

Passage 1

Europe is not a gender-equality heaven.  In particular, the corporate workplace willnever be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior managementdecisions, and Europe ' s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelminglymale.  Indeed, women hold only 14 percentof positions on European corporate boards.

The Europe Union is now consideringlegislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion ofwomen-up to 60 percent.  This proposedmandate was born of frustration.  Last year,Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntaryaction.  Reding invited corporations tosign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership.  But her appeal was considered a failure: only24 companies took it up.

Do we need quotas to ensure that women cancontinue to climb the corporate ladder fairly as they balance work and family?

"Personally, I don't likequotas," Reding said recently.  "But I like what the quotas do. "Quotas get action: they "open the way to equality and they break throughthe glass ceiling," according to Reding, a result seen in France and othercountries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top businesspositions.

I understand Reding's reluctance-and herfrustration.  I don't like quotas either;they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, governance by the capable.  But, when one considers the obstacles toachieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must betemporarily ordered.

After all, four decades of evidence has nowshown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading themeritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions-no matter how much   "soft pressure" is put upon them.  When women do break through to the summit ofcorporate power-as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook-theyattract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to therule.

Ifappropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women-whether CEOs ortheir children's caregivers-and all families, Sandberg would be no morenewsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.

The author 's attitude toward Reding 's appeal is one of

（单选题）

A. skepticism

B. objectiveness

C. indifference

D. approval

试题答案：D

5、

What learning strategy can the following activity help to train?
    Match the adjectives on the left with the nouns on the right.

（单选题）

A. Grouping.

B. Collocation.

C. Imitation.

D. Imagery.

试题答案：B