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仅对革兰阴性杆菌有强效,对革兰阳性菌、厌氧菌作用差的药物是

发布日期:2021-03-15

仅对革兰阴性杆菌有强效,对革兰阳性菌、厌氧菌作用差的药物是
A

氨苄西林

B

头孢唑林

C

亚胺培南

D

青霉素

E

氨曲南

试题解析

厌氧菌

厌氧菌(anaerobic bacteria)也叫厌气菌。是一类在无氧条件下比在有氧环境中生长好的细菌,而不能在空气(18%氧气)和(或)10%二氧化碳浓度下的固体培养基表面生长的细菌。这类细菌缺乏完整的代谢酶体系,其能量代谢以无氧发酵的方式进行。它能引起人体不同部位的感染,包括阑尾炎、胆囊炎、中耳炎、口腔感染、心内膜炎、子宫内膜炎、脑脓肿、心肌坏死、骨髓炎、腹膜炎、脓胸、输卵管炎、脓毒性关节炎、肝脓肿、鼻窦炎、肠道手术或创伤后伤口感染、盆腔炎以及菌血症等。

中文名
厌氧菌
细菌界
代表菌种
中度厌氧菌、耐氧厌氧菌
拉丁学名
anaerobicbacteria
造成疾病
阑尾炎、胆囊炎
治疗方法
抗生素

杆菌

杆菌一般呈正圆柱形,也有近卵圆形的,菌体大多平直,亦有稍弯曲的,菌体两端多钝圆,少数是平截状或尖突状。可分为单杆菌(大肠杆菌)、双杆菌(鼠疫杆菌)、链杆菌(猪痢疾杆菌)、球杆菌(多杀性巴氏杆菌)、棒状杆菌(白喉棒状杆菌)、分枝杆菌(结核分枝杆菌)、双歧杆菌(双歧乳杆菌)等。杆菌属原核生物。

中文名
杆菌
读音
gǎn jūn
形状
一般呈正圆柱形,也有近卵圆形;两端多钝圆,少数是平截或尖突状
外文名
bacillus
典型代表
大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌
分类
单杆菌、双杆菌、双歧杆菌链杆菌、球杆菌、棒状杆菌、分枝杆菌等

革兰

革兰 (Hans Christian Gram)(1853年9月13日 - 1938年11月14号)是丹麦细菌学家。革兰的父亲Frederik Terkel Julius Gram是一名法理学教授,革兰的母亲叫Louise Christiane Roulund。

中文名
革兰
国籍
丹麦
出生日期
1853年9月13日
毕业院校
哥本哈根大学
职称
教授
外文名
Hans Christian Gram
出生地
哥本哈根
逝世日期
1938年11月14日
代表作品
革兰氏染色法

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执业西药师

药学专业知识(二)

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