判断题
框架—剪力墙结构越接近底部，剪力墙所承受的剪力越小。
发布日期：2020-12-11
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试题解析
剪力墙结构
剪力墙结构是用钢筋混凝土墙板来代替框架结构中的梁柱，能承担各类荷载引起的内力，并能有效控制结构的水平力，这种用钢筋混凝土墙板来承受竖向和水平力的结构称为剪力墙结构。这种结构在高层房屋中被大量运用。剪力墙结构是指纵横向的主要承重结构全部为结构墙的结构。当墙体处于建筑物中合适的位置时，它们能形成一种有效抵抗水平作用的结构体系，同时，又能起到对空间的分割作用。结构墙的高度一般与整个房屋的高度相等，自基础直至屋顶，高达几十米或100多米；其宽度则视建筑平面的布置而定，一般为几米到十几米。相对而言，它的厚度则很薄，一般仅为200~300mm，最小可达160mm。因此，结构墙在其墙身平面内的抗侧移刚度很大，而其墙身平面外刚度却很小，一般可以忽略不计。所以，建筑物上大部分的水平作用或水平剪力通常被分配到结构墙上，这也是剪力墙名称的由来。事实上，“剪力墙”更确切的名称应该是“结构墙”。
- 中文名
- 剪力墙结构
- 术语分类
- 建筑术语
- 应用领域
- 建筑工程
- 外文名
- shearwall structure
- 学科分类
- 建筑学
剪力墙
剪力墙(shear wall)又称抗风墙、抗震墙或结构墙。房屋或构筑物中主要承受风荷载或地震作用引起的水平荷载和竖向荷载（重力）的墙体，防止结构剪切（受剪）破坏。又称抗震墙，一般用钢筋混凝土做成。它分平面剪力墙和筒体剪力墙。平面剪力墙用于钢筋混凝土框架结构、升板结构、无梁楼盖体系中。为增加结构的刚度、强度及抗倒塌能力，在某些部位可现浇或预制装配钢筋混凝土剪力墙。现浇剪力墙与周边梁、柱同时浇筑，整体性好。筒体剪力墙用于高层建筑、高耸结构和悬吊结构中 ，由电梯间、楼梯间、设备及辅助用房的间隔墙围成，筒壁均为现浇钢筋混凝土墙体，其刚度和强度较平面剪力墙可承受较大的水平荷载。墙根据受力特点可以分为承重墙和剪力墙，前者以承受竖向荷载为主，如砌体墙；后者以承受水平荷载为主。在抗震设防区，水平荷载主要由水平地震作用产生，因此剪力墙有时也称为抗震墙。剪力墙按结构材料可以分为钢板剪力墙、钢筋混凝土剪力墙和配
- 中文名
- 剪力墙
- 所属学科
- 建筑工程
- 作用
- 防止结构剪切破坏
- 外文名
- shear wall
- 又称
- 抗风墙或抗震墙、结构墙
- 结构材料分类
- 钢板、钢混、配筋砌块
剪力
剪力，又称剪切力：“剪切”是在一对相距很近，大小相同，指向相反的横向外力（即垂直于作用面的力）作用下，材料的横截面沿该外力作用方向发生的相对错动变形现象。能够使材料产生剪切变形的力称为剪力或剪切力。发生剪切变形的截面称为剪切面。判断是否“剪切”的关键是材料的横截面是否发生相对错动。
- 中文名
- 剪力
- 作用
- 抗震
- 外文名
- Shear Force
- 应用
- 建筑物
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