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单选题

下列属于不完全燃烧产物的是()。

发布日期:2021-06-17

下列属于不完全燃烧产物的是()。
A

二氧化碳

B

二氧化硫

C

一氧化碳

D

水蒸汽

试题解析

二氧化硫

二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide)是最常见、最简单、有刺激性的硫氧化物,化学式SO2,无色气体,大气主要污染物之一。火山爆发时会喷出该气体,在许多工业过程中也会产生二氧化硫。由于煤和石油通常都含有硫元素,因此燃烧时会生成二氧化硫。当二氧化硫溶于水中,会形成亚硫酸。若把亚硫酸进一步在PM2.5存在的条件下氧化,便会迅速高效生成硫酸(酸雨的主要成分)。这就是对使用这些燃料作为能源的环境效果的担心的原因之一。2017年10月27日,世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构公布的致癌物清单初步整理参考,二氧化硫在3类致癌物清单中。

中文名
二氧化硫
化学式
SO
CAS登录号
7446-09-5
熔点
-75.5 ℃
密度
2.9275 kg/m
安全性描述
S9;S26;S36/37/39;S45
危险性描述
R23;R34
溶解性
溶于水、乙醇、乙醚
环境危害
对大气可造成严重污染
电解性
属于非电解质
外文名
sulfur dioxide
分子量
64.07
EINECS登录号
231-195-2
沸点
-10 ℃
外观
无色气体
危险性符号
T
UN危险货物编号
UN1079
管制类型
管制
毒性
有毒

二氧化碳

二氧化碳(carbon dioxide),一种碳氧化合物,化学式为CO2,化学式量为44.0095,常温常压下是一种无色无味或无色无臭而其水溶液略有酸味的气体,也是一种常见的温室气体,还是空气的组分之一(占大气总体积的0.03%-0.04%)。在物理性质方面,二氧化碳的熔点为-56.6℃(527kPa),沸点为-78.5℃,密度比空气密度大(标准条件下),溶于水。在化学性质方面,二氧化碳的化学性质不活泼,热稳定性很高(2000℃时仅有1.8%分解),不能燃烧,通常也不支持燃烧,属于酸性氧化物,具有酸性氧化物的通性,因与水反应生成的是碳酸,所以是碳酸的酸酐。二氧化碳一般可由高温煅烧石灰石或由石灰石和稀盐酸反应制得,主要应用于冷藏易腐败的食品(固态)、作致冷剂(液态)、制造碳化软饮料(气态)和作均相反应的溶剂(超临界状态)等。关于其毒性,研究表明:低浓度的二氧化碳没有毒性,高浓度的二氧化碳则会

中文名
二氧化碳
别名
碳酸气、碳酸酐、
分子量
44.0095
EINECS登录号
204-696-9
沸点
-78.5 ℃(升华)
外观
常温常压下是一种无色无味或无色无嗅而略有酸味的气体
安全性描述
S9
气态密度
1.977g/L(0℃,101.325kPa)
固态密度
1.56kg/L(-79℃)
制备方法
石灰石和稀盐酸反应制取
外文名
carbon dioxide
化学式
CO
CAS登录号
124-38-9
熔点
-56.6 ℃(二氧化碳的熔点是在527kPa的高压下测得的,常压下不存在液态二氧化碳)
水溶性
小于0.05%(22.9℃)
应用
冷藏易腐败的食品、做制冷剂、制造碳化软饮料等
UN危险货物编号
1013
液态密度
0.9295kg/L(0℃,101.3485kPa)
三相点
-56.6℃(517.97kPa)
分子直径
0.35~0.51nm

水蒸汽

水蒸汽指特定空间的水以气、液二态同时存在。

中文名
水蒸汽
定义
特定空间水以气、液二态同时存在
外文名
water vapor
状态
气态

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